Captopril


Captopril/Acenorm, Capoten, Zedace

Classifications: Ace Inhibitor

IndicAtion: Hypertension, diabetic nephropathy, left ventricular function, following MI

 Action:ace- meds - inhibit ace- a vasoconstrictor-> makes is a vasodilator, & V renin -> increases urine output

Adverse reactions:

  CNS: dizziness, fainting, headache, malaise, fatigue, fever

    CV: tachycardia, hypotension, angina pectoris

     GI: anorexia, dysgeusia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation, dry mouth

     Haematologic: leucopenia, agranulocysosis, pancytopenia, anaemia, thrombocytopenia:

    Hepatic:transient increase in liver enzyme levels

    Metabolic: hyperkalaemia

     Respiratory:dry persistent , nonproductive cough, dyspnoea, metallic taste

     Skin: urticarial rash, maculopapular rash, pruritis, alopecia, angio-oedema of face and extremities.

Contraindications: hypersensitivity, impaired renal function, pregnancy lactation

Drug to drug: ANtacids, cardiac glycosides, diuretics and other anti-hypertensives, insulin, oral diabetics, Lithium, NSAIDs,Allopurinol- uric acid reducing drug- lecture

Care considerations:

Use cautiously in individuals with impaired renal function or serious auto- immune disease

monitor bp and pulse rate frequently. can be used with digoxin, and diuretics.

Alert: elderly adults more sensitive, monitor wbc and differentials before starting treatment.

Dose: 12.5 to 25 mg PO bid

Teaching: take drug 1 hour before food, to increase absorption. advise care in case of orthostatic hypotension. (falls risks etc), Care in hot weather and during exercise, loss of fluids will increase risk of syncope. do not take if pregnant.

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