Salbutamol

Salbutamol/Butamol, Asmol, Ventolin           preg risk A

Classifications: Bronchodilators; to target beta 2 specific Adrenergic agonists

Action: Sympathomimetic, beta 2 selective adrenergic agonist. prevent or treat bronchospasm in reversible obstructive airway disease.

Adverse reactions:
CNS: tremor, nervousness, dizziness, insomnia, headache, hyperactivity, weakness, CNS stimulation, malaise
CV: tachycardia, palpitations, hypertension
ENT: dry, irritated nose, throat, nasal congestion, epistaxis, hoarseness
GI:heartburn, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, bad taste, increased appetite
Metabolic: hypokalaemia (high doses)
Musculoskeletal: muscle cramps
Respiratory: bronchospasm, cough, wheezing, dyspnoea, bronchitis, increased sputum
Drug-drug: CNS stimulants, increase CNS stimulation, Avoid use with: diuretics, steroids, theophyline: increased risk of hypokalaemia; MAOI, tricyclic depressants: adverse CV effects; Propanolol, other beta blockers: mutual antagonism

Contraindications: hypersensitivity

Care considerations:
Use cautiously where there are CV disorders, hyperthyroidism, or diabetes mellitus, those unresponsive to adrenergics. Too much makes it non specific for b2 and will also stimulate b1 receptors (^ heart rate , bp and ^ rr).
  • perform a baseline data assessment before administration.
  • monitor respirations and adventitious sounds to establish drug effectiveness.
  • evaluate liver function tests. If decreased lft, then drug dose adjust down.
  • reassure - various drugs to choose from if this does not work
  • use minimal amount to prevent adverse effects and accumulation of drug levels
  • use 30-60 mintes before exercise. Peak therapeutic effect 30-60 mins.
  • provide small frequent meals and nutritional consult if adverse GI effects.
  • teach person about proper use and delivery system. Review teaching periodically.


Dose: mdi 1 to 2 inhalations q 4 hours, nebules, 5 mg q 4 to 6 hours(adults)

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