Aspirin

Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)/ Aspro, Cardiprin, Cartia, Disprin, Solprin

Classification: antiplatelet agent, anti-pyretic, pain relief, reduction of risk in MI or TIA.

Action: Produces analgesia, anti- inflammatory effect, and prevents formation of thromboxane A2
            (platelet aggregator)  by blocking prostaglandin synthesis.
            Blocks the effects of pyrogens at the hypothalamus.
            May also inhibit other mediators of the inflammatory response. Peripheral vasodilation
            by acting on hypothalamic heat-regulation centre. Vasodilation causes sweating(heat loss) and                       cooling(evaporation).

Adverse/Side Effects
        tinnitus, hearing loss
        nausea, GI heartburn, occult bleeding, dyspepsia, GI bleeding.
      leucopenia, thrombocytopenia
       abnormal liver function test values, hepatitis
       hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylaxis, asthma) Rey's syndrome, angio-oedema

(salicylate toxicity occurs at 20 to 25g in adults)- signs are hyperpnoea, tachypnoea, haemorrhage, excitement, confusion, pulmonary oedema, convulsions, tetany, metabolic acidosis, fever, coma and cv, renal and respiratory collapse

Available forms
    Capsules, Tablets, tablets (enteric coated), tablets (disolving)

Dose: Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, polyarthritic or inflammatory conditions:
                 2.4-3.6 g PO daily, divided doses.
           Prevention of thrombosis: 1.3 g PO in 2-4 divided doses, daily
           Mild pain or fever: 325 - 650 mg PO q 4 hours, prn.
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, G6PD deficiency, bleeding disorders.
          individuals with NSAID  sensitivity. Tartrazine sensitivity(dye).
Drug-drug: Ace inhibitors, ammonium chloride, antacids in high doses, anticoagulants, beta blockers, corticosteroids, methotrexate, NSAIDS (avoid use together), oral antidiabetics. Caffeine, alcohol.

Care considerations:
                Not recommended for children or teenagers due to risk of Reye's syndrome.
                Use cautiously where :GI lesions, impaired renal function, vitamin K deficiency,                                          thrombocytopenia, or severe hepatic impairment.
                Many otc drugs contain this drug- check combined dosages.
                Monitor elderly adults for aspirin toxicity.
                 Tinnitus may occur at levels of 30 mg/100 ml of plasma.
                 Aspirin irreversibly inhibits platelet aggregation.
                  Discontinue use 5-7 days before elective surgery.
                 Prolongs bleeding time, interferes with urinary glucose analysis.
                 Avoid use during third trimester of pregnancy.
                 Keep out of reach of children. Easily poisoned.
                 Take with food to minimise GI upset.
             
     

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